Aktifitas Tektonik di Sulawesi dan Sekitarnya Sejak Mesozoikum Hingga Kini Sebagai Akibat Interaksi Aktifitas Tektonik Lempeng Tektonik Utama di Sekitarnya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33332/jgsm.geologi.v16i3.36Abstract
Aktifitas tektonik Lempeng Indo-Australia, Lempeng Pasifik dan Lempeng Eurasia di sekitar Pulau Sulawesi telah berperan besar terhadap perkembangan tektonik di Sulawesi dan sekitarnya. Pengaruh tersebut diawali sejak zaman Mesozoikum, saat terjadinya pemekaran di paparan baratlaut Australia yang diikuti pecahnya tepian Benua Australia yang membentuk beberapa mikrokontinen. Mikrokontinen – mikrokontinen tersebut bergerak ke arah Sulawesi melalui mekanisme sesar transform hingga bertabrakan dengan Busur Sulawesi dan diikuti terbentuknya berbagai struktur geologi seperti tunjaman, sesar naik dan sesar mendatar berskala besar. Dari arah timur bagian utara, sebagai pengaruh gerakan Lempeng Australia ke utara dan Lempeng Pasifik ke barat, maka terbentuk sesar transform mengiri yang membawa mikrokontinen ke arah Sulawesi hingga bertabrakan dengan Sulawesi dan membentuk sesar naik Batui. Sementara dari arah utara, rotasi yang terjadi pada dasar Laut Sulawesi ikut berperan terhadap perkembangan tektonik lengan utara Sulawesi. Di lain pihak, pada Eosen Tengah terjadi pemekaran tepian Benua Eurasia di sebelah barat Sulawesi yang menghasilkan fase bukaan Selat Makassar. Namun diduga mulai pasca Miosen hingga kini daerah ini mengalami fase kompresi yang antara lain menghasilkan 2 lajur lipatan – sesar naik di Sulawesi Barat.
Kata kunci - Tektonik, Sulawesi, Lempeng Indo-Australia, Lempeng Pasifik, Lempeng Eurasia, mikrokontinen, sesar transform.
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