KONTROL TEKTONIK DAN STRUKTUR GEOLOGI TERHADAP KETERDAPATAN HIDROKARBON DI DAERAH PAPUA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33332/jgsm.geologi.v15i3.53Abstract
Sebagian besar daerah Papua, khususnya di bagian selatan sutur pembatas lempeng Pasifik dan lempeng Australia, dialasi oleh kerak benua Australia, termasuk sedimen di atasnya yang berasal dari paparan baratlaut Australia. Keberadaan batuan sedimen yang umumnya berumur Mesozoik tersebut sangat penting artinya, karena sebagian merupakan batuan sumber hidrokarbon dan juga batuan waduk. Sesar mendatar berskala regional seperti Sesar Sorong atau Sesar Yapen mempunyai arti penting dalam pembentukan cekungan-cekungan pull –apart yang dapat menjadi cekungan berpotensi hidrokarbon. Tektonik kompresi yang dihasilkan dari proses konvergensi kerak benua Australia dan kerak samudera Pasifik menghasilkan lajur-lajur lipatan dan sesar naik, khususnya lajur lipatan Lengguru di bagian tengah dan lajur lipatan – sesar naik Mamberamo di bagian utara Papua. Struktur lipatan (antiklin) serta struktur ramp akibat penyesaran naik akan membentuk struktur tutupan yang dapat berfungsi sebagai perangkap struktural hidrokarbon.
Kata kunci: tektonik, struktur geologi, hidrokarbon, Papua.
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