PERKEMBANGAN ELEMEN-ELEMEN PENTING TEKTONIK ASIA

Authors

  • Torkis Sihombing Pusat Survei Geologi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33332/jgsm.geologi.v15i2.61

Abstract

Di wilayah Asia terdapat beberapa elemen tektonik penting yang berinteraksi, sehingga sangat menentukan evolusi tektonik kawasan ini. Lempeng-lempeng tersebut meliputi lempeng Indo-Australia di selatan, lempeng Eurasia di baratlaut, serta lempeng Laut Filipina di bagian timur. Lempeng benua India merupakan bagian dari lempeng utama Indo-Australia yang terdiri atas sub-kontinen India dan cekungan di bawah Samudera Hindia. Himalaya merupakan salah satu pegunungan termuda di bumi ini. Menurut teori tektonik lempeng, pembentukan pegunungan tersebut sebagai hasil dari tumbukan benua, atau orogeni, sepanjang batas konvergensi antara Lempeng Indo-Australia (Lempeng India) dengan Lempeng Eurasia. Sementara secara geologi, Plato Tibet tidak dapat dipisahkan dari Himalaya, karena wilayah ini menyatu, dan sama-sama terbentuk sebagai akibat tumbukan lempeng India dengan Asia / Eurasia.


Kata kunci: lempeng Indo-Australia, lempeng Eurasia, lempeng Laut Filipina, tumbukan, orogeni

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References

Anonymous, 2007a. Indian Plate. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Plate. Diakses 01-08-2007.

Anonymous, 2007b. The Tibetan Plato. http://geology.about.com/library/weekly/aa112501a.htm. Diakses 01-08-2007

Anonymous, 2007c. Eurasian Plate. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurasian_Plate. Diakses 01-07-2007

Anonymous, 2007d. Major Seas of the World, South Cina Sea. http://www.oceansoftheworld.com/seas/south-china-sea.html. Diakses 01-08- 2007

Hamilton, W., 1979. Tectonics of The Indonesian Re­gion, Geological Survey Professional Paper 1078, Washington.

Hutchon,P., X. Le Pichon, X & Rangin, C., 1994. Indochina Peninsula and the collision of India and Eurasia. Geology. 22 (1): 27-30.

Iwakuni, M., Kato, T., Takiguchi, H., Nakageawa, T., & Satomura, M, 2004. Crustal deformation in Thailand and tectonics of Indochina peninsula as seen from GPS observations. http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/ 2004/2004GL020347.shtml. Diakses 01-08-2007

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Issue

Vol. 15 No. 2 (2014): Jurnal Geologi dan Sumberdaya Mineral

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