Studi Fluida Pembawa Bijih Endapan Sinabar di Bukit Tembaga, Iha Luhu, Pulau Seram- Maluku
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33332/jgsm.geologi.v24i4.727Abstract
Lokasi penyelidikan terletak dibagian barat Pulau Seram dan tersusun oleh batuan metapelitik dan batuan metamorf berderajat rendah. Latar belakang dilakukannya penyelidikan ini disebabkan oleh masih minimnya studi mengenai karakteristik sifat kimia-fisik fluida hidrotermal pembentuk bijih endapan sinabar yang berasosiasi dengan batuan metamorf di Pulau Seram. Sejarah tekanan - temperatur selama proses mineralisasi oleh inklusi fluida menyiratkan asal fluida sumber bijih serta evolusinya selama mineralisasi. Metode penyelidikan menggunakan pemetaan geologi (fieldwork) yang dipadukan dengan mikrotermometri inklusi fluida. Lebih dari 61 inklusi fluida diukur untuk mendapatkan data mikrotermometrik menggunakan alat Linkam THMSG 600 freezing and heating stages. Inklusi fluida primer dari 2 tipe endapan sinabar yang berbeda di Iha – Luhu mengkristal pada temperatur homogenisasi (Th) 261 s.d 336°C dengan salinitas fluida dari 0,70 s.d 4.65% berat NaCl.ek serta temperatur leleh (Tm) sebesar -0,4 s.d -2,4°C. Fluida pembentuk bijih terdiri dari inklusi dua fase (VCO2 + LH2O) yang kaya akan cairan ditandai dengan kandungan CO2 yang rendah hingga tinggi serta bersalinitas rendah dan temperatur sedang. Terdapat 3 jenis urat kuarsa yang mewakili 2 tipe endapan sinabar di Iha – Luhu. Urat kuarsa tipe 1 (V1), konkordan dan merupakan endapan sinabar disseminated yang terbentuk pada suhu 264 s.d 307°C dengan salinitas 1,22 s.d 2,57 wt.% NaCl ek. Urat kuarsa tipe 2 (V2), diskordan, berasosiasi dengan endapan metasinabar serta terbentuk pada temperatur berkisar 293 s.d 331°C dan salinitas menunjukkan nilai 2.67 s.d 4.65 wt.% NaCl ek. Sedangkan urat tipe 3 adalah urat kuarsa (V3) yang berasosiasi dengan sinabar yang memotong foliasi batuan yang terbentuk pada temperatur 261-336°C dan salinitas 0,70 s.d 2,90 wt.% NaCl ek.
Kata kunci: Sinabar, inklusi fluida, mikrotermometri, Ore-forming fluid, temperatur.
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