Inventarisasi Keragaman Geologi Daerah Mawasangka Timur, Kabupaten Buton Tengah, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara

Abstract

Fenomena geologi yang berhubungan dengan aspek bentang alam di daerah Mawasangka Timur, Kabupaten Buton Tengah, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara mempunyai fitur yang beragam dan secara umum disusun oleh satuan batugamping Formasi Wapulaka yang berumur Pleistosen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginventarisasi potensi keragaman geologi (geodiversity) yang mendasarkan pada aspek bentang alam karst dan pantai. Fitur keragaman geologi di kawasan karst mencakup baik gejala endokarst seperti gua dan ragam jenis hiasan gua di dalamnya maupun gejala exokarst seperti bukit pepino, dolina, dan akumulasi air di lekuk dolina yang membentuk danau. Di kawasan pantai terjadi sedimentasi pasir putih di pantai landai yang penyebarannya membentuk spit, serta undak-pantai, stack, notches dan sea-cave. Aneka fitur fenomena geologi yang terinvetarisasi tersebut didukung oleh struktur geologi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah melakukan inventarisasi melalui pemetaan keragaman geologi, yaitu berupa pengambilan data lapangan meliputi, litologi, geomorfologi, dan struktur geologi, yang dilengkapi informasi titik koordinat lokasi dan potret). Keragaman geologi tersebut tersebar di seluruh wilayah penelitian, terutama di bagian selatan dan timur.

Kata Kunci: Keragaman geologi, Wapulaka, karst, dolina, gua, Mawasangka Timur.

Abstract- Geological phenomena related to landscape aspects in the East Mawasangka area, Central Buton Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province have diverse features, which mainly composed of limestones unit of the Pleistocene Wapulaka Formation. This study aims to inventory the potential of geological diversity based on aspects of karst and coastal landscapes. Features of geological diversity in karstic areas include both endokarst phenomena such as caves and various types of cave decoration as well as exokarst phenomena such as pepino hills, doline, and water accumulation in doline depression that form lakes. In the coastal area, white sand sedimentation occurs on sloping beaches that spread to form spits, as well as coastal terraces, stacks, notches, and sea caves. The various features of the inventoried geological phenomena are supported by geological structures. The research method used was to conduct an inventory through geological diversity mapping, in the form of field data collection (lithology, geomorphology, geological structure, location coordinates, and portraits). The geological diversity is spread throughout the study area, especially in the south and east.

Keywords: Geodiversity, Wapulaka, karst, doline, cave, East Mawasangka.